The brainstem consists of the midbrain , the bulge and the medulla oblongata . All these nerve centers have a similar structure: white substance on the outside with gray matter islets scattered across its surface. The white matter is composed of nerve fibers that come and go brain. The red nucleus in the midbrain is a mass of gray matter more prominent. Besides these discrete areas rather gray matter and white brain stem contains a mixture of both that is called the reticular formation .
Function
The brain stem contains numerous reflex centers, the most important of which are the vital centers. These centers are essential for life, as they control the respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor.
The brain stem contains numerous reflex centers, the most important of which are the vital centers. These centers are essential for life, as they control the respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor.
Besides these vital centers, the brain stem contains centers that control other cough, sneezing, hiccups, vomiting, sucking and swallowing. reticular formation exerts two opposite effects on motor activity. On the one hand facilitates or stimulates the activity, and depresses the other. Studies carried out in the laboratory show that the brainstem reticular formation and adjacent brain structures (hypothalamus) are required for the initiation and maintenance of wakefulness and awareness.containing the brainstem nuclei corresponding to cranial nerves, and in considering the stem function must not forget these nerves function. Finally, this is a structure which is on the ascending fibers from the spinal cord and descending that target it. Many of these fibers at different levels establish connections with the neurons of the reticular formation and, in some cases, with other neurons stem nuclei easing operation reflexes.
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